WASHINGTON — U.S. Representative Ro Khanna (D-Calif.) introduced a resolution proposing a “Data Center Bill of Rights” on August 6. The initiative aims to grant local communities increased oversight regarding the expansion of artificial intelligence (AI) data centers, while addressing growing concerns over rising electricity costs, resource depletion, and environmental strain.
The legislative resolution comes as AI computing demands spur rapid infrastructure expansion across the United States. Data Center Map figures cite more than 4,400 operational facilities nationwide, while projections from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory estimate U.S. hyperscale data centers could consume up to 33 billion gallons of water per year by 2028.
Key Provisions & Community Protections
Zoning Restrictions: Prohibits data center construction inside residential zones or within a 2,500-foot buffer zone around homes, schools, daycare centers, medical facilities, and nursing homes.
Local Governance & Moratoriums: Preserves local government authority to reject, regulate, or pause data center projects without state intervention. Rep. Khanna specifically advocated for a temporary pause on new construction in Pennsylvania following feedback from local communities.
Utility & Economic Guarantees: Mandates that households and small businesses are shielded from rate hikes triggered by data center energy demands. Operators must utilize clean energy sources, adhere to noise and air quality limits, and pay state and local taxes without unverified subsidies.
Impact Transparency & Water Reporting: Requires independent 10-year impact assessments covering public health, electricity demand, and job creation prior to approval. Developers must also secure written water compatibility agreements and publish bi-annual water usage reports.
